Researchers from Monash University have made a significant advancement in energy storage technology, potentially accelerating the global transition away from fossil fuels. Their discovery, published on December 18 in Nature, introduces a new thermal energy storage (TES) material that could enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of harnessing renewable energy.
This innovative material offers a sustainable solution to one of the biggest challenges in renewable energy: storing large amounts of energy in an inexpensive and environmentally friendly way.
The newly developed material integrates three distinct energy storage mechanisms into a “trimodal” system, enabling it to store thermal energy with unprecedented efficiency.
“This material represents a major leap forward in thermal energy storage,” said Dr. Karolina Matuszek, the lead author from the Monash University School of Chemistry.
“By combining three different forms of energy storage in one material, we’ve achieved a level of efficiency and performance previously unattainable,” she continued. “This development has the potential to reshape the renewable energy landscape. If we can store energy more effectively, renewable energy becomes more reliable, and that brings us closer to a sustainable, decarbonized future.”
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The material, composed of boric and succinic acids, undergoes a transition around 150°C and can store a record-breaking 600 MJ per m3 of energy—almost double the capacity of many existing materials.
This trimodal system opens up new possibilities for the Carnot battery, a leading-edge energy storage technology. A Carnot battery converts electrical energy into thermal energy for storage and then back into electricity when needed. In this design, the new material plays a crucial role in storing thermal energy, withstanding over 1,000 heating and cooling cycles and demonstrating excellent stability and performance.
The material’s success lies in its ability to store energy through three mechanisms: first, it stores sensible heat as it heats up; next, during the melting of the mixture, boric acid undergoes a chemical reaction that stores additional energy. Remarkably, this chemical reaction is highly reversible, allowing the material to be reused repeatedly without degradation—a breakthrough for thermochemical TES materials.
Additionally, the material is low-cost and environmentally friendly. Boric acid, a flame-retardant substance derived from boron ores, and succinic acid, a bio-based chemical, are inexpensive and sustainably sourced. This makes the material not only more cost-effective than existing lithium battery technology but also more sustainable, avoiding reliance on scarce metals.
“The ability of this material to function so effectively in Carnot batteries could transform the way we store renewable energy,” Dr. Matuszek said. “It’s not just about storing energy; it’s about doing so in a way that is scalable, sustainable, and cost-effective.”
“One of the great advantages of this material is its sustainability. Boric acid and succinic acid are both affordable and eco-friendly, making this a truly green solution for energy storage.”